What role is required to publish layers in ArcGIS Pro?

To publish layers in ArcGIS Pro, the role required is the Publisher role. This role grants users the necessary permissions to manage and publish content to ArcGIS Online or to an ArcGIS Enterprise portal. Specific capabilities associated with the Publisher role include creating and sharing maps, layers, and other content. This role is essential for ensuring that the data is accurately represented and shared within the organization's geographic information system.

Other roles, like Editor and Viewer, have more limited capabilities. An Editor typically allows for the editing of existing content but does not include the rights to publish new layers. The Viewer role is even more restrictive, primarily allowing users to view content without editing or publishing capabilities. The Administrator role does have extensive permissions, including those needed to publish content, but it also encompasses additional responsibilities such as managing users and settings within the portal. Therefore, for the specific task of publishing layers, the Publisher role is the correct choice.